/* Research has its own directory and a consistent, content-preserving reading layer. */
.research-shell { width: min(1280px,100%); margin: 0 auto; padding-inline: 40px; }
.research-directory-hero { background: var(--cream); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding-block: 60px 50px; }
.research-directory-hero h1 { max-width: 950px; font: 500 clamp(38px,4.4vw,62px)/1.09 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.04em; margin: 20px 0 26px; text-wrap: balance; }
.research-directory-intro { max-width: 1000px; font: 400 17px/1.8 var(--sans); margin: 0; }
.research-directory-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 290px; gap: 48px; padding-block: 48px 64px; align-items: start; }
.research-catalog { min-width: 0; }
.research-catalog-heading { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 26px; }
.research-catalog-heading h2 { font: 500 32px/1.2 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.025em; margin: 0; }
.research-count { white-space: nowrap; color: var(--muted); font: 400 13px var(--sans); margin: 0; }
.research-filters { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 230px; gap: 18px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.research-filters label { display: block; font: 600 12px var(--sans); margin-bottom: 9px; }
.research-filters input,.research-filters select { width: 100%; min-height: 48px; border: 1px solid #b7b6ad; border-radius: 3px; padding: 12px; font: 400 15px var(--sans); color: var(--ink); background: white; }
.research-study-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 22px; }
.research-study-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-width: 0; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-top: 3px solid #a50030; border-radius: 3px; padding: 26px; background: white; transition: border-color .15s; }
.research-study-card:hover { border-color: #a50030; }
.research-card-meta { display: flex; gap: 14px; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; font: 600 10px/1.6 var(--sans); color: var(--red); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .065em; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.research-card-number { color: #8b8c83; }
.research-study-card h3 { margin: 0 0 18px; font: 500 26px/1.22 var(--serif); letter-spacing: -.025em; text-wrap: pretty; }
.research-study-card h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.research-study-card h3 a:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.research-study-card p { font: 400 14px/1.8 var(--sans); margin: 0; color: #505149; flex: 1; }
.research-read-link { display: block; width: fit-content; margin-top: 20px; font: 600 11px/1.6 var(--sans); letter-spacing: .05em; color: var(--red); text-decoration: none; }
.research-read-link::after { content: ' ↗'; margin-left: 6px; }
.research-read-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.research-directory-sidebar { min-width: 0; }
.research-directory-sidebar .preferred-source { width: 100%; margin: 24px 0; padding: 14px; }
.research-directory-sidebar .preferred-source__text { font-size: 11px; }
.research-press { border-block: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 16px 0; font: 500 14px/1.5 var(--sans); }
.research-press summary { cursor: pointer; }
.research-press img { display: block; width: 175px; height: auto; margin: 25px auto; max-width: 100%; }
.research-related { padding-block: 38px 64px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.research-related h3 { font: 500 30px/1.2 var(--serif); margin: 0 0 24px; }
.research-related ul { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 20px 35px; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.research-related li { font: 400 14px/1.7 var(--sans); }
.research-related a { text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.research-empty { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 36px; font: 400 16px/1.7 var(--sans); }
.research-empty h3 { font: 500 28px/1.25 var(--serif); }
.research-empty button { border: 1px solid var(--red); background: var(--red); color: white; padding: 13px 18px; cursor: pointer; font: 500 14px var(--sans); }
.research-directory [hidden] { display: none !important; }
.research-back { display: inline-block; font: 500 12px/1.6 var(--sans) !important; color: var(--red); text-decoration: none; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.research-back:hover,.research-return:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.research-study .rollout-hero .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 18px; }
.research-study .rollout-hero__inner { padding-block: 42px 48px; }
.research-study .rollout-hero h1 { max-width: 1080px; font-size: clamp(37px,4vw,58px); line-height: 1.13; }
.research-study .editorial-layout { column-gap: 50px; }
.research-study .editorial-lead { padding-bottom: 0; }
.research-study .rollout-lede { font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.75; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.85; }
.research-article-body .content-section { padding-block: 12px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.section,.section-dark,.section-alt) { padding-block: 30px !important; margin-block: 0 !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.hero,.header,header,.study-header,.article-header) { padding: 0 0 24px !important; margin: 0 0 20px !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .hero-stats { padding-top: 24px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.section-header,.section-title) { margin-bottom: 24px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(h2,h3,h4) { text-wrap: pretty; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.exec-summary,.executive-summary,.summary-box,.key-findings,.insight-box,.highlight-box,.conclusion) { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-left: 3px solid var(--red); padding: 26px !important; margin-block: 28px !important; background: white; border-radius: 3px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.stat-card,.finding-card,.chart-container,.big-stat,.key-stat) { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; padding: 26px !important; margin-block: 24px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.chart-title,.finding-title) { font: 500 24px/1.3 var(--serif); margin: 0 0 14px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.chart-subtitle,.chart-caption) { font: 400 13px/1.65 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 20px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.hero-stat-number,.key-stat-number,.big-stat .number,.stat-card .number) { display: block; font: 500 44px/1.1 var(--serif); color: var(--red); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.chart-grid,.two-column) { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) !important; gap: 24px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.findings-grid,.stats-grid,.stat-grid) { grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)) !important; gap: 20px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.findings-grid,.stats-grid,.stat-grid) > * { margin: 0; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .promotion { padding: 30px !important; margin: 38px 0 !important; gap: 25px; border: 0; border-radius: 3px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .promotion__label { font: 500 36px/1.14 var(--serif) !important; margin: 0 0 16px !important; color: white !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .promotion__title { margin: 0 0 10px !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .promotion__description { margin: 0 !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .promotion :where(a,p) { color: white !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .research-contents { padding: 0; margin: 0 0 32px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 3px; }
.research-study .research-contents summary { padding: 16px 20px; cursor: pointer; font: 600 14px/1.6 var(--sans); }
.research-study .research-contents ol { padding: 0 25px 20px 42px; margin: 0; }
.research-study .research-contents li { font: 400 14px/1.6 var(--sans); margin: 0 0 10px; padding: 0; }
.research-study .research-contents a { color: var(--ink); text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .research-scroll { max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; margin-block: 24px; overscroll-behavior-x: contain; }
.research-study .research-scroll table { margin: 0; display: table; min-width: 540px; }
.research-study .research-scroll--chart svg { display: block; width: 100%; min-width: 560px; max-width: none; }
.research-study .research-scroll:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--red); outline-offset: 3px; }
.research-study .research-return { display: inline-block; margin-block: 40px 10px; font: 500 14px/1.6 var(--sans); color: var(--red); }
@media(max-width:1180px) {
 .research-directory-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 280px; gap: 30px; }
 .research-study-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); }
 .research-filters { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 14px; }
}
@media(max-width:900px) {
 .research-shell { padding-inline: 24px; }
 .research-directory-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); }
 .research-directory-sidebar { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr); gap: 24px; align-items: start; }
 .research-directory-sidebar .newsletter-card { grid-row: span 2; }
 .research-directory-sidebar .preferred-source { margin: 0; }
 .research-study-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
 .research-filters { grid-template-columns: 1fr 230px; }
 .research-related ul { grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.findings-grid,.stats-grid,.stat-grid) { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) !important; }
}
@media(max-width:600px) {
 .research-shell { padding-inline: 20px; }
 .research-directory-hero { padding-block: 36px; }
 .research-directory-hero h1 { font-size: 38px; }
 .research-directory-intro { font-size: 16px; }
 .research-directory-layout { padding-block: 32px 42px; gap: 38px; }
 .research-catalog-heading { gap: 12px; }
 .research-catalog-heading h2 { font-size: 28px; }
 .research-filters,.research-study-grid,.research-directory-sidebar { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); }
 .research-study-card { padding: 24px; }
 .research-study-card h3 { font-size: 27px; }
 .research-study-card p { font-size: 15px; }
 .research-directory-sidebar .newsletter-card { grid-row: auto; }
 .research-related ul { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); }
 .research-study .rollout-hero__inner { padding-block: 28px 36px; }
 .research-study .rollout-hero h1 { font-size: 37px; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.exec-summary,.executive-summary,.summary-box,.key-findings,.insight-box,.highlight-box,.conclusion,.stat-card,.finding-card,.chart-container,.big-stat,.key-stat) { padding: 20px !important; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body .promotion { padding: 25px !important; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body .promotion__label { font-size: 32px !important; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.chart-wrapper) { height: 320px; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.chart-container) { padding-inline: 12px !important; }
}

.research-newsletter-inline { grid-column: 1 / -1; margin-block: 12px; }

@media(max-width:600px) { .research-scroll::before { content: "Scroll sideways to view more →"; display: block; font: 500 11px/1.5 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 10px; } }
/* Give authored reports the same reading column; the outer layout owns gutters. */
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.container,.study-container,.shell,.main-content,.liq-content) { padding: 0 !important; margin-inline: 0 !important; max-width: 100% !important; }
.research-study .research-article-body :is(h2,h3,h4) .content-icon { display: none; }
@media(max-width:600px) {
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body .chart-wrap { padding: 20px 12px !important; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.twin-stat,.comparison) { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); }
}
.research-study .rollout-hero h1 { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
@media(max-width:360px) { .research-study .rollout-hero h1 { font-size: 32px; } }
@media(min-width:901px) and (min-height:801px) { .research-directory-sidebar { position: sticky; top: 120px; } }
/* Expanded publication artwork must scroll naturally, even in a short window. */
.research-directory-sidebar:has(.research-press[open]) { position: static; }

/* Study cleanup: one reading edge, aligned cards, and legible chart labels. */
.design-site .research-study .research-report-body { max-width: none !important; margin: 0 !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.finding-number,.stat-num,.key-stat .number) { display: block; font: 500 44px/1.1 var(--serif); color: var(--red); margin: 0 0 14px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.hero-stats,.dual-chart) { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 24px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .hero-stats { grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .hero-stat { padding: 22px 0; border-top: 2px solid var(--red); }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.hero-stat-label,.finding-desc) { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.7; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .findings-grid > :last-child:nth-child(odd) { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .dual-chart > .chart-container { display: flex; flex-direction: column; min-width: 0; margin: 0; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .dual-chart > .chart-container > .chart-wrapper { margin-top: auto; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body .dual-chart { margin-block: 24px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-chart-plot { width: 100%; min-width: 640px !important; height: 360px; position: relative; }
.design-site .research-study .research-chart-round { height: 360px !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-scroll--plot { margin: 0; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.chart-container,.chart-wrap) { container-type: inline-size; container-name: research-chart; }
.design-site .research-study .research-scroll--plot::before { content: "Scroll sideways to view more →"; display: none; font: 500 11px/1.5 var(--sans); color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 12px; }
@container research-chart (max-width:640px) {
 .design-site .research-study .research-scroll--plot::before { display: block; }
}
.design-site .research-study .research-stat-trio { display: grid !important; grid-template-columns: repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 16px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-stat-trio > div { min-width: 0; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.brief,.callout,.boardroom,.insight-banner,.method-item,.comparison-item,.leader-type) { border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.brief,.callout,.boardroom,.insight-banner) { padding: 26px !important; margin-block: 28px; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.brief,.callout,.boardroom,.insight-banner,.finding-card,.stat-card) > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.brief,.callout,.boardroom,.insight-banner,.finding-card,.stat-card) > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
@media(max-width:1100px) {
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body .dual-chart { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); }
}
@media(max-width:700px) {
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body .hero-stats,.design-site .research-study .research-stat-trio { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 12px; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-scroll--plot::before { display: block; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body :where(.brief,.callout,.boardroom,.insight-banner) { padding: 20px !important; }
 .design-site .research-study .research-article-body .twin-stat > div { padding: 24px 20px; }
}
.research-study .research-article-body li > .content-icon { display: none; }
.design-site .research-study .research-existing-contents .toc { display: block !important; position: static !important; max-height: none !important; overflow: visible !important; border: 0; padding: 0 20px 20px !important; }
.research-study .research-existing-contents .toc-label { display: none; }
.design-site .research-study #liq-bir .shell { display: block !important; }
.design-site .research-study .research-existing-contents .toc ol { padding: 0; list-style: none; }
.design-site .research-study .research-existing-contents .toc li { display: block; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; }
.design-site .research-study .research-existing-contents .toc li::before { display: none; }
.design-site .research-study .research-existing-contents .toc a { display: block; padding: 8px 0; font: 400 14px/1.6 var(--sans); }
.design-site .research-study .research-existing-contents .toc a::before { display: none; }
.research-study.research-content .hero-inner { padding-block: 42px 48px; column-gap: 50px; }
.research-study.research-content .hero-inner > .research-back { grid-column: 1 / -1; grid-row: 1; justify-self: start; }
.research-study.research-content .hero-inner > .eyebrow { grid-row: 2; }
.research-study.research-content .hero-inner > h1 { grid-row: 3; font-size: clamp(37px,4vw,58px); line-height: 1.13; }
.research-study.research-content .hero-inner > .dek { grid-row: 4; }
.research-study.research-content .hero-inner > .research-callout { grid-row: 3 / 5; }
@media(max-width:820px) {
 .research-study.research-content .hero-inner > * { grid-row: auto; grid-column: 1; }
 .research-study.research-content .hero-inner > .research-callout { grid-row: auto; margin-top: 28px; }
}